INTRODUCTION…..
In 1980, the Deptt. of Environment was established in India. Later on it became the Ministry of Environment and Forests in 1985. EPA,1986 came into force soon after the Bhopal Gas Tragedy.
OBJECTIVE……
Objective is, to provide the protection and improvement of environment. In EPA, article 48A, specify that the State shall protect and improve the environment.
Also, to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country. Acc. to sec 51(A) every citizen shall protect the environment. EPA is applicable to whole India, including J&K.
IMPORTANT TERMINOLOGY….
“Environment” It includes water, air, and land and the interrelationship which exists among and between water, air and land and human beings, other living creatures, plants, microorganism and property. “Environmental Pollutant” means any solid, liquid or gaseous substance present in such concentration as may be, or tend to be injurious to environment.
“Environmental pollutant” means any solid, liquid or gaseous substances present in such concentration as may be or tend to be injurious to environment and human being. “Hazardous Substance” means any substance or preparation which, by reasons of its chemical or physico-chemical properties, is liable to cause harm to human beings or other living creatures. “Handling” In relation to any substance, it means the manufacturing, processing, treatment, packaging, storage, transportation, use, collection, destruction, conversion, offering for sale, etc
“Environmental pollution” means imbalance in environment. The materials or substances when after mixing in air, water or land alters their properties in such manner, that the very use of all or any of the air water and land by man and any other living organism becomes lethal and dangerous for health. “Occupier” It means a person who has control over the affairs of the factory or the premises, and includes, in relation to any substance, the person in possession of the substance.
“Hazardous substance” means any substance or preparation which, by reason of its chemical or physico-chemical properties or handling, is liable to cause harm to human beings, other living creatures, plant, micro-organism, property or the environment.
POWERS PROVIDED BY THE ACT TO CENTRAL GOVTT.….
To make rules to regulate environmental pollution; To notify standards and maximum limits of pollutants of air, water, and soil for various areas and purposes; Prohibition and restriction on the handling of hazardous substances, and location of industries (Sections 3-6).
Under Sec (3): may constitute authority or authorities for the purpose of exercising of performing such of the powers and functions; Under Sec (4): may appoint a person for inspection; Under Sec (5): may issue directions in writing to any officers or any authority to comply; Under Sec (6): it empower the government to make rules to achieve the object of the Act.
Under Sec (7): persons carrying on industry, operation etc. not to allow emission or discharge of environmental pollutants in excess of the standards; Under Sec (8): persons handling hazardous substances must comply with procedural safeguards.
PENALITY….
Whoever Person found to be the cause of pollution, may be liable for punishment for a term which may extend to five years or with fine which may extend to one lakh rupees or both (Sec 15, 16, 17). If not comply fine of Rs. 5000 per day extra, still if not comply for more than one year, then imprisonment may extend up to 7 years.
Section 17 specifies that Head of the department/ incharge of small unit may be liable for punishment if the owner /occupier produce enough evidence of innocence. The state govtt. have power to close or cancel or deny the authorization to run the factory/institution/hospital whichever is causing pollution.
ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS….
Following is a list of the environmental legislations that have come into effect: General, Forest and wildlife, Water, Air etc.
General….
1986 – The Environment (Protection) Act; 1986 – The Environment (Protection) Rules; 1989 – The objective of Hazardous Waste (Management and Handling) Rules; 1989 – The Manufacture, Storage, and Import of Hazardous Rules; 1989 – The Manufacture, Use, Import, Export, and Storage of hazardous Micro-organisms/ Genetically Engineered Organisms or Cells Rules; 1991 – The Public Liability Insurance Act and Rules and Amendment, 1992
FOREST AND WILDLIFE….
1927 – The Indian Forest Act and Amendment, 1984; 1972 – The Wildlife Protection Act, Rules 1973 and Amendment 1991; 1980 – The Forest (Conservation) Act and Rules, 1981.
WATER….
1882 – The Easement Act ; 1897 – The Indian Fisheries Act ; 1956 – The River Boards Act ; 1970 – The Merchant Shipping Act ; 1974 – The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act ; 1991 – The Coastal Regulation Zone Notification.
AIR….
1948 – The Factories Act and Amendment in 1987 ; 1981 – The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act ; 1982 – The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Rules ; 1982 – The Atomic Energy Act ; 1987 – The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Amendment Act ; 1988 – The Motor Vehicles Act.
greetings,
Environment pollutant should be punished according to law without giving importance to industrialist and capitalist.picture of punishment should be exibited.
By: bankim chandra nanda on September 12, 2010
at 3:19 pm
great work!
By: praveen on September 26, 2010
at 5:44 pm
nature protection act!
return the normalcy industrialists.
By: praveen on September 26, 2010
at 5:45 pm
Hello sir/ma’m
Can I put forth a query and get answers regarding the enforcement of these laws?
Eg: A factory or an industrial unit impacts the environment with its green house emissions, other pollutants (air or water). So is there a statutory body auditing such industries for their carbon footprint, emissions of pollutants like SO2, cfc, etc and make them pay for the impact?
How does that body (if at all it exists in India) work?
Can you please enlighten me with the answers for those queries?
By: Renuka Prasad on January 9, 2011
at 11:38 am
Any industrial unit has to obtain 3 permits before operationalising- No Objection Certificate (for land), Consent to Establish the unit, Consent to operate the unit. Based on certain pollution parameters these certificates are granted by ‘state pollution control board’ (however, CO2 is not considered as a pollutant). CTE and CTO are renewed regularly, after teating and analysing unit’s pollution sources (including DG sets, boilers, water discharge, transformers, leakages, etc.)
By: Shweta on April 12, 2013
at 7:27 am
Sir,
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commercial establishments, schools, colleges etc., Our company ready to install and make solar green power homes in our country- in all villages. our company located
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SAVE THE EARTH KEEP SAFER EARTH REDUCE GLOBAL WARMING
By: SOLAR PRODUCTS INDIA, CHENNAI on January 20, 2011
at 12:30 pm
i like it
By: sumit gupta on April 17, 2011
at 3:51 pm
Save Earth……Save Humanity..
By: Shyam Jadhav (@drshyamjadhav) on July 17, 2011
at 1:14 pm
very bad habits of today”s new generation.
By: chetan moudgil on November 13, 2011
at 8:35 am
Govt. have to take some effortful step for conserve the rainforest
By: raj on November 25, 2011
at 11:28 am
it gud:) and its useful
By: chetan on January 27, 2012
at 5:30 pm
good one.. would be helpful to educate and aware people.
By: Mohit Chopra on February 8, 2012
at 3:31 pm
the habit of these generarion people are worse so we should try to follow the safety measures
By: mohit chopra on July 10, 2012
at 4:13 pm
Sir i am C.veeramani, Bishop Heber Collage, Environmental Sicence study. Like your regulation and project save trees,water,current. And control pollution.
By: C.Veeramani on February 11, 2012
at 5:26 am
Dear sir,
can we protect our environment? As per my ldeas no one can fallow the law or act related about environmental protection. The global warming is bigest worldwide problem of environment it can be controlled by law or act. is it possible to control?
By: Anand G on March 16, 2012
at 5:37 pm
Indian government has established the rules to save the enviroment but least of the people know about these rule so environment department prepare some personnel of staff to teach the people of rural and urban areas by going physicaly there and have a meetting with them,then the will and performed their duties to save our environment.
By: bhuvnesh on June 17, 2012
at 9:08 am
gud job…………….thanks for enlightning us
By: karthika on August 23, 2012
at 1:55 pm
Sir. i like ur topic, as it gives complete information regarding environmental legislations in india.
By: Mrs Ritu Rohilla on September 22, 2012
at 5:49 am
ha ha didnt mean it………..
in fact, it is just what i needed for my e.e project
thankyou for the info
By: vatapatra punju poojari on October 26, 2012
at 10:27 am
great one
By: sampath padakanti on January 17, 2013
at 1:55 am
no human without nature
By: parikshit singh on April 5, 2013
at 10:17 am
Go green, Save forests, save wild-life, make pure air,water and land
By: Dipali Popat on April 12, 2013
at 1:55 pm
save the environment, save ur self
By: sajn Jain on April 18, 2013
at 3:42 am
sir could u please tell about separation distance between industrial and sensitive land use in india
By: kanika on May 12, 2013
at 2:09 pm
Do the manufacturers of disinfectants and detergents need clearance / permission from some environment protection agency in India before marketing the product?
By: Ajit on May 21, 2013
at 11:20 am
Great article!!found it very informative and useful….its very important to focus on environment problems and I think india is moving in a right direction.the way we are directing our attention towards renewable energy resources and nuclear power…our future seems positive.
By: Lakshmi on July 13, 2013
at 12:53 pm
Reblogged this on Muhammed Muhsin Varikkodan.
By: Muhammed Muhsin Varikkodan on July 31, 2013
at 4:28 pm
It is good article, I really liked and reblogged it. I hope you will accept my reblogging..
By: Muhammed Muhsin Varikkodan on July 31, 2013
at 8:25 pm
sir, i want to work for save my nature so i start my group with name of nature first Please suggest me for save nature for useful idea’s my mail id is Kamal.jot.batra@gmail.com
By: kamaljot batra on August 7, 2014
at 10:09 am
Nature cant created by human but destroyed by human it is dangerous
By: Ashok Ray on August 18, 2014
at 3:47 am
Your environment knowledge is great.In the environmental informations are importants and useful to the world.
By: Gokulakkannan on September 7, 2014
at 4:34 pm
i m too satisfied to read this page and get more knowledge………
By: Anamika verma on October 29, 2014
at 6:09 pm
A positive step towards sustainable development
By: Deepali on November 3, 2014
at 8:35 am
we spent out time in eating ,face book gossiping drinking joy riding but not on the earth water forests and habitations……
By: jaideep chatterjee on December 12, 2014
at 8:32 am
In thermal power plant its mendatory to follow that flowing of chemical water in water sources like river,jheel, pond totally restricted, also chimney of plant should be above on height,that’s why NOx,Sox like air pollutants would not effect on our human environment and analyzer of NOx and Sox should available,
Plz follow the rule
One environment, one atmosphere,, one earth and one sun.
By: hemant bilgaiyan on March 9, 2015
at 11:34 pm
Save our earth for our future generation
By: Sana on April 5, 2017
at 7:27 am