Wind Energy – Renewable energy harnesses natural wind power – Effective answer for emission problem towards cleaner, safer and greener environment:
Harnessing renewable alternative energy is the ideal way to tackle the energy crisis that looms large over the world. Renewable energy is the energy which is made from resources that Mother Nature replaces. Renewable energy is also called “clean energy” or “green power” because it doesn’t pollute the air or the water. Wind energy is one such renewable energy source that harnesses natural wind power. People try to make many assumptions against wind turbines for generation of wind energy; but the fact remains, wind energy is most suitable form of renewable energy we can have to replace coal fired / nuclear powered / and even oil fired power plants in the near future. In support various points are discussed below:
1. Wind power is a clean, renewable source of energy which produces no greenhouse gas emissions or waste products. Power stations are the largest contributor to carbon emissions, producing tones of CO2 each year. We need to switch to forms of energy that do not produce CO2. Just one modern wind turbine will save over 4,000 tones of CO2 emissions annually.
2. Wind energy is generated by blowing air. Wind energy transform in kinetic energy and use as mechanical energy or electricity. The amount of energy produce depends mainly on blowing wind speed; density of air affects the energy produce by wind, which is determined by the humidity, barometric pressure, dryness.
In the case of a wind-electric turbine, the turbine blades are designed to capture the kinetic energy in wind. When the turbine blades capture wind energy and start moving, they spin a shaft that leads from the hub of the rotor to a generator. The generator turns that rotational energy into electricity. At its essence, generating electricity from the wind is all about transferring energy from one medium to another.
The simplest possible wind-energy turbine consists of three crucial parts:
* Rotor blades – The blades are basically the sails of the system; in their simplest form, they act as barriers to the wind (more modern blade designs go beyond the barrier method). When the wind forces the blades to move, it has transferred some of its energy to the rotor.
* Shaft – The wind-turbine shaft is connected to the center of the rotor. When the rotor spins, the shaft spins as well. In this way, the rotor transfers its mechanical, rotational energy to the shaft, which enters an electrical generator on the other end.
* Generator – At its most basic, a generator is a pretty simple device. It uses the properties of electromagnetic induction to produce electrical voltage – a difference in electrical charge. Voltage is essentially electrical pressure – it is the force that moves electricity, or electrical current, from one point to another. A simple generator consists of magnets and a conductor. The conductor is typically a coiled wire. Inside the generator, the shaft connects to an assembly of permanent magnets that surrounds the coil of wire. In electromagnetic induction, if you have a conductor surrounded by magnets, and one of those parts is rotating relative to the other, it induces voltage in the conductor. When the rotor spins the shaft, the shaft spins the assembly of magnets, generating voltage in the coil of wire. That voltage drives electrical current (typically alternating current, or AC power) out through power lines for distribution.
3. Energy of wind power depends upon speed of air when increase in speed of air then increase in generation of energy and when decrease then decrease in energy generation. So locate the wind power plant in windiest areas.
4. The cost of wind energy is determined by initial cost of the wind power plant – any wind power plant that is installed in a windy area generates less expensive electricity than the same unit installed in a less windy area.
5. The average wind farm will pay back the energy used in its manufacture within 3-5 months of operation. This compares favorably with coal or nuclear power stations, which take about six months.
6. A modern wind turbine is designed to operate for more than 20 years and at the end of its working life, the area can be restored at low financial and environmental costs. Wind energy is a form of development which is essentially reversible – in contrast to fossil fuel or nuclear power stations.
7. A modern wind turbine produces electricity 70-85% of the time, but it generates different outputs depending on the wind speed. Over the course of a year, it will typically generate about 30% of the theoretical maximum output. This is known as its load factor. The load factor of conventional power stations is on average 50%. A modern wind turbine will generate enough to meet the electricity demands of more than a thousand homes over the course of a year.
8. All forms of power generation require back up and no energy technology can be relied upon 100%. Variations in the output from wind farms are barely noticeable over and above the normal fluctuation in supply and demand.
9. The cost of generating electricity from wind has fallen dramatically over the past few years. Between 1990 and 2007, world wind energy capacity doubled every three years and with every doubling prices fell by 15%. Wind energy is competitive with new coal and new nuclear capacity, even before any environmental costs of fossil fuel and nuclear generation are taken into account. As gas prices increase and wind power costs fall – both of which are very likely – wind becomes even more competitive, so much so that some time after 2010 wind should challenge gas as the lowest cost power source. Furthermore, the wind is a free and widely available fuel source; therefore once the wind farm is in place, there is no fuel requirement or no waste related costs.
10. In future, we will need a mix of both onshore and offshore wind energy to meet the challenging targets on climate change. At present, onshore wind is more economical than development offshore. However, more offshore wind farms are now under construction. Thus, prices will fall as the industry gains more experience.
11. Wind energy is a benign technology with no associated emissions, harmful pollutants or waste products. In over 25 years and with more than 75,000 machines installed around the world, and there is no report of any body has ever been harmed by the normal operation of wind turbines.
12. The evolution of wind farm technology over the past decade has rendered mechanical noise from turbines almost undetectable with the main sound being the aerodynamic swoosh of the blades passing the tower.
13. We need to act now to find replacement power sources – wind is an abundant resource, and therefore has a vital role to play in the new energy portfolio all over the world.
14. Generation of electrical energy by wind power plant rapidly growing in whole world, In terms of installation and operation world level. Average onshore turbines discussed here is of capacity 1.8 MW. For many on-going projects at present the capacity over 2 MW turbines are being installed. Offshore turbines currently being installed are rated at 3 MW, and it is expected that this will rise to a typical 5 MW per machine by 2010.
15. The benefits of wind energy:
* Wind energy is an ideal renewable energy because:
- Pollution-free,
- Does not require fuel
- Does not produce toxic or radioactive waste.
* Wind energy is quiet and does not present any significant hazard to birds or other wildlife.
* When large arrays of wind turbines are installed on farmland, only about 2% of the land area is required for the wind turbines. The rest is available for farming, livestock, and other uses.
* Ownership of wind turbine generators by individuals and the community allows people to participate directly in the preservation of our environment.
16. The Fastest-Growing Energy Source – Wind is the fastest-growing energy source in the world, enjoying an average annual growth rate of 28 percent over the past ten years, compared to less than three percent for fossil fuels. The major drivers of this growth include concerns over climate change and energy security.
17. Untapped Potential – Despite monumental growth, wind energy still represents only a minute fraction of total energy consumption worldwide. Increasing this percentage to levels that will contribute to necessary reductions in global greenhouse gas emissions will require significant political support to overcome decades of policies encouraging conventional fossil fuel technologies. If a more level playing field is achieved, wind energy will likely play a major role in future climate change strategies in both national and international arenas.
18. Breakthrough In Small Wind Technology – The main work of wind turbines is to utilize the energy of wind and convert it into electricity; stronger wind is considered good for electricity production. But the speed of wind should not be too strong because it makes turbines spin too fast and in this process it commits suicide! Why is it so? Because turbine blades get ripped off by stronger winds – excessive heat damages the alternator. Turbine tower too can’t remain unaffected by the strong wind. To prevent all this damage a mechanical breaking system furling is generally used. This method prevents wind turbine from spinning too quickly by turning the blades away from the direction of the wind. Furling can be manual or automatic with same goal i.e. turning the turbine blade edges into the wind when the wind is dangerously strong and stormy.
19. Drawbacks – We already know the benefits of wind energy and why we should opt for it. But currently manufacturers are concentrating on the drawbacks of the wind energy and trying to eliminate or minimize those shortcomings. For example turbines are noisy and this sound nuisance can be a problem for the residents of the areas. Wind turbines are unsafe for birds too. Birds can be injured or die if they are caught up in the wings of the turbines. Turbines might annoy you due to horizon pollution i.e. they might meddle with your aesthetic sense.
20. Wind Energy From Ocean Surface – When we talk about wind energy, we don’t specifically mention ocean winds. But global satellite maps from NASA promise a new hope. Nearly a decade of data from NASA’s QuikSCAT satellite gives us hope that we can harness ocean’s wind for energy generation. These maps can help in locating and planning the offshore wind farms for producing electric energy.
21. Next Generation Wind Energy – Right now wind energy is only being harnessed in the windy regions of the earth. Installation of wind energy on individual basis is unpopular because of production and cost inefficiency. Noise pollution and birds getting killed are also not quite attractive side-effects of the windmills. We can’t even imagine of installing windmills on high rise buildings due to their size and cost.
Researchers of university Illinois have thought about all the drawbacks of the windmills and have come up with their own version in the wind turbine technology. Their idea is to have double-helix wind turbine known as ‘aeroturbines’. The design of these aeroturbines is comparatively simple and to eliminate the drawbacks of the existing turbines. Harvesting wind energy from high rise buildings will be possible and production and cost efficiency will be the key factors. The propellers of these aero turbines resemble an electric beater and don’t look like a blade. These aeroturbines will not produce noise pollution and can be installed at the rooftops of high rise buildings. They are safe for birds as well.
22. Cost comparison and Govt. incentives – The cost of utility-scale wind power has come down dramatically in the last two decades due to technological and design advancements in turbine production and installation. The higher the wind speed over time in a given turbine area, the lower the cost of the electricity that turbine produces. Below a comparison of various energy generation costs (average) is shown:
Energy Costs Comparison |
|
Resource Type |
Average Cost (cents per kWh) |
2-5 |
|
3-4 |
|
4-5 |
|
4-5 |
|
Wind |
4-10 |
5-8 |
|
8-12 |
|
10-15 |
|
15-32 |
Government incentives for both large- and small-scale producers contribute to the economic feasibility of a wind-power system as well.
23. Floating wind turbine launched: Floating wind turbine could lead to offshore wind farms eventually being located many miles offshore, away from areas where they cause disruption. This would benefit military radar operations, the shipping industry, fisheries, bird life and tourism. Floating wind farms could provide an additional source of energy for countries that have run out of space for their onshore wind farms, or where there is not enough wind on land. [Reference: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/8085551.stm ]
As per the recent news, Hywind, the 2.3MW floating offshore wind turbine being developed by Norwegian oil and gas company StatoilHydro, Siemens and Technip has now been installed and moored to the seabed off the coast of Norway. Once cables to the mainland grid have been laid, the wind turbine prototype will undergo a two year pilot which will provide valuable knowledge on how to perfect the technology and hopefully one day enable floating wind turbines to become a financially viable alternative to other energy sources. [Refer: http://www.gizmag.com/hywind-floating-wind-turbine/11961/ ]
Hywind facts in brief:
* Turbine size: 2.3 MW
* Turbine weight: 138 tons
* Turbine height: 65m
* Rotor diameter: 82.4m
* Draft hull: 100m
* Displacement: 5300m3
* Diameter at water line: 6m
* Diameter submerged body: 8.3m
* Water depths: 120-700m
* Mooring: 3 lines
References:
- http://earthtrends.wri.org/updates/node/277
- http://englishabc.wordpress.com/2008/03/11/the-leading-wind-energy-trade-fair-2008/
- http://wings.buffalo.edu/ubgreen/energyforthefuture/technologies/wind.htm
- http://environmentengineering.blogspot.com/2008/04/wind-energy-renewable-energy-by.html
- https://saferenvironment.wordpress.com/2008/11/03/wind-energy-renewable-energy-harnesses-natural-wind-power-%E2%80%93-effective-answer-for-emission-problem-towards-cleaner-safer-and-greener-environment/
- http://science.howstuffworks.com/wind-power.htm/printable
I think this website will be highly recommendable by all critics, as I am one. I think this website will give young teenagers a bright insight of wind power and other forms of electricity.
By: Ruth mensah on February 20, 2009
at 4:58 pm
highly educative
By: devprasad.gupta on July 19, 2012
at 12:35 pm
Do you have any idea how many of these things break down a year? How many shred to pieces in storms and take out the neighboring six? Do you know how expensive these are to build? How hard they are to maintain? How useless they are if the wind’s coming from the wrong angle?
Instead of building these massive eyesores in far-away places (so far away that it’s no longer efficient to transport the electricity generated), why not miniaturize the embarrassingly simple technology and mount them on people’s houses? It’s a boy-scout level project. Heck, Jay Leno has a garage the size of a Wal-Mart with a tiny 5 foot windmill on top, and even then he backfeeds into the power grid.
Bam, wind problem solved.
By: Jordan Gecik on February 25, 2009
at 10:07 pm
To Jordan, Im not sure where you got your information from, but it is incorrect! The turbines have what is called a yaw motor on the bottom of the nacel and that turns the rotors into the wind, the angle of the wind is never a factor due to the rotation! The little turbines that you see such as the one on Jay Leno’s house are innefective and do not backfeed to the power grid, if he is lucky he might be able to use his hair dryer for that nice hair of his!! And while they are an eyesore for some people so were utility poles in the beginning of mass electricity, but people got used to them and appreciated what they did! As far as them falling apart, well unfortunately yes that has happened but they are never close enough to be able to take out each other! The cost of these machines go down every year due to the technology changing and they will soon be very cost effective! This is the future!!
By: Martin Stevens on February 18, 2010
at 6:02 pm
Thank you so mutch for good informations
By: ibrahim on March 21, 2009
at 2:21 pm
Very nice described. Really fantastic.
By: Devi Prakash Mohanty on June 12, 2009
at 11:38 am
this is very good source of energy ,so where i can get study for it? so that i will explain to my boss to bring it in my country?
By: kabusha on July 21, 2009
at 9:14 am
Thank you so mutch for good informations
By: mahmood on August 11, 2009
at 7:15 am
Thanks so much.I got a clear picture of wind power generation.I had an idea of tiny wind power generator which can be mounted on the all kinds of auto mobiles through which the generated power can be used to switch on the head lights through which we can save fuel.I have zero practical knowledge about it i mean its hardware.i am a final year engineering student.please sujjest some ideas
By: priya on August 13, 2009
at 10:46 am
thannk yous fer the informations. I gonna tell the Lord of my land so he can get us some. They seam like they are gonning to solve alll of the woorlds probams.
By: abdol Iblibi on October 13, 2009
at 10:14 am
i want to know all power plants in india
By: sridhar on October 16, 2009
at 12:02 pm
thanks a lot, from you i studied and awared about the energy and from today i must try to reduce and save the energy for future india
By: sivakarthick on November 4, 2009
at 11:45 am
i am interested in wind power generation
and also we are four electronic and one machanical engineering student and we are interested in creat own wind power geration plant give me more detail about wind power generation
By: pruthvi on January 4, 2010
at 11:16 am
Well am I have my diploma in Renewable energy/biomass energy and technology so it would be a pleasure if you let me get more information on solar energies
thanks
By: Prince Roberts on April 4, 2010
at 5:00 pm
Thank you for sharing this awesome article. I hope someday I can have it in my country.
Thanks.
By: Adi Pramono on May 13, 2010
at 2:53 pm
such a awasome invention this will help in comming generation
By: man on May 18, 2010
at 3:24 pm
Great read. well done! wind turbine generator
is the way to go
By: kenneth leong on August 24, 2010
at 10:22 am
Thanks for the informations!!!!!!
By: ESSU Researcher on October 3, 2010
at 10:21 am
Good article on off-shore windmills. Being able to harness this form of energy and transmitting through a viable grid may aid in lowering emissions and pollutants in the air. Thanks for sharing.
By: Renewable Energy Poughkeepsie NY on October 11, 2010
at 8:16 pm
Thank you for helping me join the world technology and paricipate in making the world better.
By: nagwa on October 15, 2010
at 7:27 am
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at 7:22 am
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By: murat on November 6, 2010
at 10:38 am
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By: Amirhossein Makaremi on November 19, 2010
at 8:24 pm
your efforts for green energy is remarkable. thanks for the information
By: sanjith kumar on December 15, 2010
at 7:57 am
Very comprehensive information, my dream is to increase the level of awareness of this great source of energy in west africa especially in nigeria where power generation is a magor problem.
By: abdul sherif on January 26, 2011
at 2:39 pm
thanx for such a nice info…..i am about to called for interview for wind energy power plant
By: sami ullah on February 17, 2011
at 4:31 pm
really commendable work. very handy and awesome illustrations. 🙂 looking forward to such great work ahead.
By: uma dey sarkar on March 13, 2011
at 6:35 pm
is it possible for a small lbusiness to set up these as an investment and d
what are the returns on it…
how much will one wind mill cost??
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at 1:51 am
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at 12:47 am
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Wind energy has made enormous progress. However,due to the need for backup energy, the theoretical limit for grid coverage can not exceed 50 %.
By: Niels Kjaer-Pedersen on May 3, 2013
at 11:40 pm
Thank you for sharing. Wind power is the world’s fastest growing renewable energy source.
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at 7:55 am
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